Colorectal Cancer Screening: What You Need to Know

What is Colorectal Cancer Screening?

Colorectal cancer screening is a way to find colorectal cancer early, when it is most treatable. Screening tests can find polyps, which are small growths that can develop into cancer over time. Removing polyps can help prevent colorectal cancer from developing.

Who Should Get Screened?

The American Cancer Society recommends that people at average risk for colorectal cancer start regular screening at age 45. People who are at higher risk for colorectal cancer, such as those with a family history of the disease or certain medical conditions, may need to start screening earlier. Talk to your doctor about when you should start getting screened.

Types of Screening Tests

There are several different types of screening tests for colorectal cancer. The most common type is colonoscopy, which is a procedure in which a doctor uses a thin, lighted tube to examine the inside of the large intestine. Other screening tests include sigmoidoscopy, virtual colonoscopy, and stool tests.

Benefits of Screening

Colorectal cancer screening can help save lives. Screening tests can find colorectal cancer early, when it is most treatable. Removing polyps can help prevent colorectal cancer from developing. Regular screening can also help reduce the risk of dying from colorectal cancer.

Risks of Screening

The risks of colorectal cancer screening are generally small. However, there is a small risk of bleeding, perforation (a hole in the colon), or infection. Talk to your doctor about the risks and benefits of screening before you decide whether to get screened.

When to Get Screened

The American Cancer Society recommends that adults age 45 to 75 be screened for colorectal cancer. If you are at higher risk for colorectal cancer, you may need to start screening earlier. Talk to your doctor about when you should start getting screened and how often you should get screened.